What is HTML | Full Information ?

Here is full and detailed information about HTML (HyperText Markup Language) — the backbone of all websites.

🌐 What is HTML?

HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is the standard markup language used to create and structure content on the web. HTML defines the structure of web pages using elements (also called “tags”).

📜 1. History of HTML

Feature	Detail
Invented by	Tim Berners-Lee
Created at	CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Initial release	1991
Current version	HTML5 (released in 2014, still evolving)
Maintained by	World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and WHATWG

🧠 2. Why Use HTML?

It provides the structure of web pages.
Defines elements like headings, paragraphs, links, images, and more.
Works with CSS (for style) and JavaScript (for interactivity).

🧰 3. Key Features of HTML

Feature	Description
Markup Language	Uses tags to define and organize content
Platform Independent	Runs on any browser/device
Integrates with CSS and JavaScript	For styling and behavior
Semantic Elements	Improves meaning and accessibility
Media Support	Supports video, audio, and other media formats

🔧 4. Basic Structure of an HTML Document

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My First Page</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Hello, world!</h1>
    <p>This is a paragraph.</p>
  </body>
</html>

🧱 5. Common HTML Elements

Tag	Purpose
`<h1>`–`<h6>`	Headings (from largest to smallest)
`<p>`	Paragraph
`<a>`	Hyperlink
`<img>`	Image
`<ul>`, `<ol>`	Unordered/Ordered list
`<li>`	List item
`<div>`	Generic container
`<span>`	Inline container
`<table>`	Table
`<form>`	Form for user input
`<input>`	Input field
`<button>`	Button

📦 6. HTML Attributes

Attributes give additional information about elements.

<img src="image.jpg" alt="A cat" width="300">

Attribute	Description
`src`	Source file (e.g., image, video)
`href`	Link reference for `<a>`
`alt`	Alternate text for images
`id`	Unique identifier
`class`	CSS class name
`style`	Inline CSS styling
`title`	Tooltip text

🎨 7. Semantic HTML

Semantic elements have meaningful names that describe their purpose.

Semantic Tag	Meaning
`<header>`	Top section of a page
`<nav>`	Navigation links
`<main>`	Main content
`<section>`	Section of content
`<article>`	Independent piece of content
`<aside>`	Sidebar or related content
`<footer>`	Footer section

📱 8. HTML5 New Features

Feature	Description
Audio/Video	Embed media with `<audio>` and `<video>`
Canvas	Draw graphics and animations
Geolocation API	Detect user’s location
Local Storage	Save data in browser
Forms 2.0	New input types: `email`, `date`, `range`

🖼️ 9. Multimedia in HTML

<video width="320" height="240" controls>
  <source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4">
  Your browser does not support video.
</video>

<audio controls>
  <source src="sound.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">
  Your browser does not support audio.
</audio>

📝 10. HTML Form Example

<form action="/submit" method="post">
  <label>Name:</label>
  <input type="text" name="name" required><br>
  <label>Email:</label>
  <input type="email" name="email" required><br>
  <input type="submit" value="Send">
</form>

🧪 11. HTML + CSS + JavaScript Integration

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <style> p { color: blue; } </style>
</head>
<body>
  <p id="demo">Hello!</p>
  <script>
    document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = "Changed with JS!";
  </script>
</body>
</html>

📌 12. Advantages of HTML

Easy to learn and use
Supported by all browsers
Works with CSS and JS for modern web apps
SEO-friendly with proper semantics
Free and open standard

❗ 13. Limitations of HTML

No logic or programming capability (needs JS for that)
Styling and behavior depend on external tools
Static structure — not ideal for dynamic content without JS

📊 14. HTML vs Other Technologies

Feature	HTML	CSS	JavaScript
Purpose	Structure	Style/Design	Behavior/Logic
Language Type	Markup	Stylesheet	Programming
Required For	Every webpage	Styling HTML	Interactive features

🏁 15. Summary

Topic	Key Info
Full Form	HyperText Markup Language
Purpose	Structure and content of web pages
File Extension	`.html` or `.htm`
Current Version	HTML5
Works With	CSS (style), JavaScript (interactivity)
Core Concepts	Tags, attributes, semantic elements